Making antiviral (against IBV) nanofibres based on electrospinning method, using polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl alcohol polymers with copper salt and copper nanoparticles for mask filter production
-
maryam momeni moqadam,1 seyed masoud hosseini,2,* mehdi jahanfar,3 shabnam hashemi,4 saeed javadi,5
1. shahid beheshti university, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
2. shahid beheshti university, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
3. shahid beheshti universiy, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
4. Pasteur laboratory and veterinary Clinic Sections,
5. shahid beheshti university, central lab
- Introduction: The connection of nanoscience with biology not only helps to fight diseases, but can also create a new approach to preventing and fighting infectious diseases(1). Recent studies in the field of nanotechnology show that nanoparticles of various metals can be widely used against microorganisms and even fungus(2, 3). One way to perform antiviral tests using embryonated chicken eggs(4).
Aim: The purpose of this study was to fabricate antibacterial and antiviral activity of nanofibers that use nanoparticles and copper ions.
- Methods: To make nanofibers, a solution of polyacrylonitrile 15% and polyvinyl alcohol 20% (with gelatin) is used simultaneously using two separate syringes. These nanofibers are made of 9 ml of polyacrylonitrile in the first layer, 4 ml of polyacrylonitrile and 4 ml of polyvinyl alcohol in the second layer. The applied voltage is 23 kW and the drum speed was set to 600 rpm. The electrospinning process is performed by applying 285 nm UV rays.
The produced nanofibers were impregnated with copper sulfate solution prepared in a ratio of 1:3. They were then imaged with a SEM electron microscope. In the next step, the fibers are affected by plasma processing for 30 seconds. Copper sulfate solution is then added to these fibers. To check the antimicrobial properties of the fibers, the next step is to perform microbial tests to ensure that bacteria and fungi do not grow. For this purpose, nutrient broth and tryptic Soy Broth culture medium for aerobic microorganisms and thioglycolate Broth culture medium for anaerobic microorganisms, were used. Then incubated in a 37°C incubator for mesophilic microorganisms and in a 45°C incubator for thermophilic bacteria for 72 hours. In the next step, with a wet soap, samples taken from the surface of the fiber and place it in Blood agar culture medium and incubated for 72 hours to check the growth of microorganisms.
In antiviral studies, various factors are considered. In the first stage, the effect of plasma and UV processing on the antiviral properties of nanofibers investigated. The number of particles of IBV and the effect of copper ions on them are also observed. In the second part, the appropriate concentration of copper for the survival of embryos and its effect in combating IBV are investigated. Embryonated chicken eggs are ready for inoculation on the twelfth day.
In the first stage, the IBV, which is used as a commercial Live-attenuated vaccine (Bioral), each dose contains 103 virus. The PCR test used to detect the genome of IBV in treated and control samples.
- Results: The results of antibacterial test shown that fibers impregnated with copper sulfate solution and exposed to UV radiation and plasma processing could resist the growth of aerobic, anaerobic, mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms and prevent their growth.
The results of the first antivirus test show that nanofibers that are not affected by plasma processing show better results than nanofibers that are not affected by plasma processing. Under these conditions, fewer embryos have died due to copper toxicity. On the other words, the virus had a greater impact on embryos growth, and nanoparticles and copper ions in normal nanofibers were able to prevent the virus to a greater extent. The PCR results showed that treated samples did not form a band compared to the positive control samples. This means that the virus inactivated.
In the second part of the antiviral tests, the best results is obtained in a set in which the initial solution of copper sulfate is diluted at 1/16.
- Conclusion: Prepared nanofibers containing nanoparticles and copper ions demonstrated designated antibacterial and antiviral activity that implies such a product can be used in respiratory filtered mask widely.
- Keywords: Nanofiber, Antiviral, Copper sulfate, Nanoparticles
